盤點(diǎn)多種方法耗時(shí)統(tǒng)計(jì)的實(shí)操解法

作者：一安 2025-04-30 07:01:29

在應(yīng)用開發(fā)里，精準(zhǔn)把控方法執(zhí)行耗時(shí)，對(duì)優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)性能、提升用戶體驗(yàn)意義重大。下面將介紹幾種不同的方法耗時(shí)統(tǒng)計(jì)方式，每種都有其獨(dú)特的適用場(chǎng)景。

前言

System.currentTimeMillis ()

在方法內(nèi)借助System.currentTimeMillis()記錄起始和結(jié)束時(shí)間，進(jìn)而算出方法執(zhí)行耗時(shí)。這種方式簡(jiǎn)單直接，無(wú)需引入額外依賴。

@Service
public class BookService {
    public Book getBookById(Long id) {
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        // 模擬從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲取書籍信息的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
        Book book = bookRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);

        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long elapsedTime = endTime - startTime;
        System.out.println("getBookById方法耗時(shí)：" + elapsedTime + "ms");

        return book;
    }
}

利用 StopWatch

@Service
public class UserService {
    public User findUserById(Long id) {
        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();

        // 模擬業(yè)務(wù)邏輯，這里從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)查詢用戶信息
        User user = userRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);

        stopWatch.stop();
        System.out.println("findUserById方法執(zhí)行耗時(shí)：" + stopWatch.getTotalTimeMillis() + "毫秒");

        return user;
    }
}

使用AOP實(shí)現(xiàn)全局方法

在項(xiàng)目中配置aop依賴后，就能利用它進(jìn)行方法耗時(shí)統(tǒng)計(jì)

@Aspect
@Component
public class MethodTimeAspect {
    @Around("execution(* com.example.demo.service.*.*(..))")
    public Object measureTime(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Object result = joinPoint.proceed();
        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long elapsedTime = endTime - startTime;
        String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
        System.out.println("方法[" + methodName + "]耗時(shí)：" + elapsedTime + "ms");
        return result;
    }
}

利用 HandlerInterceptor 統(tǒng)計(jì)

Spring的HandlerInterceptor可用于監(jiān)控Controller層接口的耗時(shí)情況

public class ControllerTimeInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    private ThreadLocal<Long> startTime = new ThreadLocal<>();

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {
        startTime.set(System.currentTimeMillis());
        returntrue;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long elapsedTime = endTime - startTime.get();
        String uri = request.getRequestURI();
        System.out.println("接口[" + uri + "]耗時(shí)：" + elapsedTime + "ms");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
        // 可在此處進(jìn)行資源清理等操作
        startTime.remove();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new ControllerTimeInterceptor())
               .addPathPatterns("/api/**");
    }
}

基于 Servlet Filter 統(tǒng)計(jì)

通過創(chuàng)建Servlet Filter，可記錄HTTP請(qǐng)求的整體耗時(shí)

@WebFilter("/*")
public class RequestTimeFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long elapsedTime = endTime - startTime;
        String requestUri = ((HttpServletRequest) request).getRequestURI();
        System.out.println("請(qǐng)求[" + requestUri + "]耗時(shí)：" + elapsedTime + "ms");
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}

    @Override
    public void destroy() {}
}

使用ServletRequestHandledEvent統(tǒng)計(jì)

在Spring框架中，監(jiān)控接口請(qǐng)求的性能可以通過ServletRequestHandledEvent事件實(shí)現(xiàn)

@Component
public class TimeCountListener implements ApplicationListener<ServletRequestHandledEvent> {

  @Override
  public void onApplicationEvent(ServletRequestHandledEvent event) {
    Throwable failureCause = event.getFailureCause();
    if (failureCause != null) {
      System.err.printf("錯(cuò)誤原因: %s%n", failureCause.getMessage());
    }
    System.err.println("========================================");
    System.err.printf("請(qǐng)求客戶端地址：%s\n請(qǐng)求URL: %s\n請(qǐng)求Method: %s\n請(qǐng)求耗時(shí): %d毫秒%n", 
        event.getClientAddress(),
        event.getRequestUrl(), 
        event.getMethod(), 
        event.getProcessingTimeMillis());
    System.err.println("========================================");
  }
}

實(shí)際開發(fā)時(shí)，需根據(jù)項(xiàng)目規(guī)模、業(yè)務(wù)場(chǎng)景、性能需求等因素綜合考慮，選擇最合適的方法，從而高效地進(jìn)行性能優(yōu)化。

責(zé)任編輯：武曉燕來(lái)源：一安未來(lái)

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