Kubernetes Dashboard 2.10 嘗鮮記
作者：佚名
它允許用戶管理在群集中運行的應用程序并對其進行故障排除，以及管理群集本身。最近推出了 v2.1.0 版本，這里在 Kubernetes 中部署一下，嘗試看看新版本咋樣。
簡介
Kubernetes Dashboard 是 Kubernetes 集群的基于 Web 的通用 UI。它允許用戶管理在群集中運行的應用程序并對其進行故障排除，以及管理群集本身。最近推出了 v2.1.0 版本，這里在 Kubernetes 中部署一下，嘗試看看新版本咋樣。
兼容性
| Kubernetes版本 | 1.17 | 1.18 | 1.19 | 1.20 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 兼容性 | ？ | ？ | ？ | ✓ |
- ✕ 不支持的版本范圍。
- ✓ 完全支持的版本范圍。
- ? 由于Kubernetes API 版本之間的重大更改，某些功能可能無法在儀表板中正常運行。
部署 Kubernetes Dashboard
注意：如果 "kube-system" 命名空間已經存在 Kubernetes-Dashboard 相關資源，請換成別的 Namespace。
系統環境
- Kubernetes 版本：1.20.1
- kubernetes-dashboard 版本：v2.1.0
部署文件
完整部署文件 Github 地址：https://github.com/my-dlq/blog-example/tree/master/kubernetes/kubernetes-dashboard2.1.0-deploy
1、Dashboard RBAC
創建 Dashboard RBAC 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-rbac.yaml
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: ServiceAccount
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- ---
- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
- kind: Role
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- rules:
- - apiGroups: [""]
- resources: ["secrets"]
- resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
- verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
- - apiGroups: [""]
- resources: ["configmaps"]
- resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
- verbs: ["get", "update"]
- - apiGroups: [""]
- resources: ["services"]
- resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
- verbs: ["proxy"]
- - apiGroups: [""]
- resources: ["services/proxy"]
- resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
- verbs: ["get"]
- ---
- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
- kind: ClusterRole
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- rules:
- - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
- resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
- verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- ---
- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
- kind: RoleBinding
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- roleRef:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
- kind: Role
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- subjects:
- - kind: ServiceAccount
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- ---
- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
- kind: ClusterRoleBinding
- metadata:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- roleRef:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
- kind: ClusterRole
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- subjects:
- - kind: ServiceAccount
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
部署 Dashboard RBAC
- $ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-rbac.yaml
2、創建 ConfigMap、Secret
創建 Dashboard Config & Secret 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-configmap-secret.yaml
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: Secret
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- namespace: kube-system
- type: Opaque
- ---
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: Secret
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
- namespace: kube-system
- type: Opaque
- data:
- csrf: ""
- ---
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: Secret
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
- namespace: kube-system
- type: Opaque
- ---
- kind: ConfigMap
- apiVersion: v1
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
- namespace: kube-system
部署 Dashboard Config & Secret
- $ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-configmap-secret.yaml
3、kubernetes-dashboard
創建 Dashboard Deploy 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-deploy.yaml
- ## Dashboard Service
- kind: Service
- apiVersion: v1
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- spec:
- type: NodePort
- ports:
- - port: 443
- nodePort: 30001
- targetPort: 8443
- selector:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- ---
- ## Dashboard Deployment
- kind: Deployment
- apiVersion: apps/v1
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
- namespace: kube-system
- spec:
- replicas: 1
- revisionHistoryLimit: 10
- selector:
- matchLabels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- template:
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- spec:
- serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
- containers:
- - name: kubernetes-dashboard
- image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.1.0
- securityContext:
- allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
- readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
- runAsUser: 1001
- runAsGroup: 2001
- ports:
- - containerPort: 8443
- protocol: TCP
- args:
- - --auto-generate-certificates
- - --namespace=kube-system #設置為當前部署的Namespace
- resources:
- limits:
- cpu: 1000m
- memory: 512Mi
- requests:
- cpu: 1000m
- memory: 512Mi
- livenessProbe:
- httpGet:
- scheme: HTTPS
- path: /
- port: 8443
- initialDelaySeconds: 30
- timeoutSeconds: 30
- volumeMounts:
- - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- mountPath: /certs
- - name: tmp-volume
- mountPath: /tmp
- - name: localtime
- readOnly: true
- mountPath: /etc/localtime
- volumes:
- - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- secret:
- secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- - name: tmp-volume
- emptyDir: {}
- - name: localtime
- hostPath:
- type: File
- path: /etc/localtime
- tolerations:
- - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
- effect: NoSchedule
部署 Dashboard Deploy
- $ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-deploy.yaml
4、創建 kubernetes-metrics-scraper
創建 Dashboard Metrics 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-metrics.yaml
- ## Dashboard Metrics Service
- kind: Service
- apiVersion: v1
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- namespace: kube-system
- spec:
- ports:
- - port: 8000
- targetPort: 8000
- selector:
- k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- ---
- ## Dashboard Metrics Deployment
- kind: Deployment
- apiVersion: apps/v1
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- namespace: kube-system
- spec:
- replicas: 1
- revisionHistoryLimit: 10
- selector:
- matchLabels:
- k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- template:
- metadata:
- labels:
- k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- annotations:
- seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
- spec:
- serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
- containers:
- - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
- image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.6
- securityContext:
- allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
- readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
- runAsUser: 1001
- runAsGroup: 2001
- ports:
- - containerPort: 8000
- protocol: TCP
- resources:
- limits:
- cpu: 1000m
- memory: 512Mi
- requests:
- cpu: 1000m
- memory: 512Mi
- livenessProbe:
- httpGet:
- scheme: HTTP
- path: /
- port: 8000
- initialDelaySeconds: 30
- timeoutSeconds: 30
- volumeMounts:
- - mountPath: /tmp
- name: tmp-volume
- - name: localtime
- readOnly: true
- mountPath: /etc/localtime
- volumes:
- - name: tmp-volume
- emptyDir: {}
- - name: localtime
- hostPath:
- type: File
- path: /etc/localtime
- nodeSelector:
- "beta.kubernetes.io/os": linux
- tolerations:
- - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
- effect: NoSchedule
部署 Dashboard Metrics
- $ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-metrics.yaml
5、創建訪問的 ServiceAccount
創建一個綁定 admin 權限的 ServiceAccount，獲取其 Token 用于訪問看板。
創建 Dashboard ServiceAccount 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-token.yaml
- kind: ClusterRoleBinding
- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
- metadata:
- name: admin
- annotations:
- rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
- roleRef:
- kind: ClusterRole
- name: cluster-admin
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
- subjects:
- - kind: ServiceAccount
- name: admin
- namespace: kube-system
- ---
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: ServiceAccount
- metadata:
- name: admin
- namespace: kube-system
- labels:
- kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
- addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
部署訪問的 ServiceAccount
- $ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-token.yaml
獲取 Token
- $ kubectl describe secret/$(kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep admin|awk '{print $1}') -n kube-system
token：
登錄新版本 Dashboard 查看
本人的 Kubernetes 集群地址為”192.168.2.11”并且在 Service 中設置了 NodePort 端口為 30001 和類型為 NodePort 方式訪問 Dashboard ，所以訪問地址：https://192.168.2.11:30001 進入 Kubernetes Dashboard 頁面，然后輸入上一步中創建的 ServiceAccount 的 Token 進入 Dashboard，可以看到新的 Dashboard。
跟上一個版本比較，整體資源的顯示位置，增加對 1.20 版本的支持等：
部署 Metrics Server 為 Dashboard 提供指標數據
Dashboard 已經部署完成，不過登錄 Dashboard 后可以看到：
這些欄數據顯示都是空，這是由于 Dashboard 的指標部署需要從 Metrics Server 中獲取，Dashboard 該版本另一個組件 kubernetes-metrics-scraper 就是用于從 Metrics Server 獲取指標的適配器。之前我們已經部署 kubernetes-metrics-scraper 組件，接下來只要再部署 Metrics Server 組件就能獲取系統指標數據，供 Dashboard 繪制圖形，部署 Metrics Server 可以參考：
- Kubernetes 部署 Metrics Server 獲取集群指標數據
當按照上面部署完成后，等一段時間，再刷新 Dashboard 界面，可以觀察到如下界面：
責任編輯：龐桂玉
來源：
奇妙的Linux世界
