在Linux上部署Redmine項目管理軟件
0. 簡介
0.1 基礎概念
[Redmine] Redmine是用Ruby開發的基于web的項目管理軟件，是用ROR框架開發的一套跨平臺項目管理系統，據說是源于Basecamp的ror版而來，支持多種數據庫，有不少自己獨特的功能，例如提供wiki、新聞臺等，還可以集成其他版本管理系統和BUG跟蹤系統，例如SVN、CVS、TD等等。（百度百科）
[Ruby on Rails] Ruby on Rails 是一個可以使你開發，部署，維護 web 應用程序變得簡單的框架。（百度百科）
0.2 本文說明
1)本文沒有使用apt-get和yum命令，所以對于各種linux的發行版本都適用，包括ubuntu，fedora，centos，redhat等。
2)作者在32位和64位系統下均測試成功，本文提供的方法支持32位和64位系統，有不同的地方在文中都已標明。
3)本文支持兩個Redmine版本，分別是1.1.0和1.2.2，細微差別也在文中說明，請讀者按照1.2資源下載表格中對應的版本進行安裝，因為Redmine對于版本是敏感的，必須是特定版本，不能過高也不能過低，其他組合不保證部署成功。
4)作者在寫作本文的時候Redmine已出另一個更新版本1.3.0，后續本文會作相應更新。
5)有任何問題，歡迎留言或發郵件溝通。
1. 環境 &資源下載
1.1 環境
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 3) 64bit
GCC 3.4.5
1.2 資源下載
MySQL 5.1.60 (http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.1.html)
Apache httpd server 2.2.21 (http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi)
|
redmine |
1.2.2 |
1.1.0 |
http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=1850 |
|
ruby |
1.8.7 |
1.8.7 |
http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8/ |
|
rubygems |
1.6.2 |
1.3.7 |
http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=126 |
|
rake |
0.8.7 |
0.8.7 |
|
|
rack |
1.1.1 |
1.0.1 |
|
|
rails |
2.3.11 |
2.3.5 |
zlib 1.2.5 (http://www.zlib.org/)
i18n 0.4.2
mysql-ruby 2.8.2 (http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=4550)
passenger 3.0.11 (http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=5873)
openssl 0.9.8k (http://www.openssl.org/source/)
Run the following commands to get some gem files:
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rake-0.8.7.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rack-1.1.1.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rails-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activesupport-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activerecord-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionpack-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionmailer-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activeresource-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rack-1.0.1.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rails-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activesupport-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activerecord-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionpack-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activeresource-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/i18n-0.4.2.gem
你可以和本文附錄6.3的下載文件列表進行對比。
2. 步驟
2.0 添加環境變量
打開用戶目錄下的.bashrc文件
vim ~/.bashrc
在.bashrc文件中添加下面兩行：
- export CYN_USR="$HOME/usr"
- export CYN_DOWNLOAD="$HOME/download"
執行下面的語句使環境變量設置立即生效，而不用重啟
- source ~/.bashrc
注意！！！你完全不必使用$CYN_USR和$CYN_DOWNLOAD，它們只是方便我后面的操作以及目錄描述，強烈推薦大家使用絕對路徑。在本文中，$CYN_USR表示我的程序安裝目錄，就像windows系統中的C:Program Files目錄一樣，$CYN_DOWNLOAD是我下載安裝包的保存路徑。
32位還是64位？？？本文的演示是在64位linux上做的，但我也在32位機器上部署過Redmine，步驟上是一樣的。唯一的不同就是MySQL的安裝包不一樣，有32位和64位之分，它們的下載地址是相同的。還有一些軟件采用源代碼安裝方式，也避免了選擇32位還是64位的問題。其他基于ruby的軟件，因為ruby的跨平臺性安裝包和部署方法沒有差別。
$CYN_DOWNLOAD文件列表作者的$CYN_DOWNLOAD目錄內容見本文的附錄6.3。
2.1 安裝MySQLcd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
(或者在32位系統中 tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz)
ln -s mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23 mysql
(或者在32位系統中 ln -s mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23 mysql)
cd mysql
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=work
其中，work是你的linux用戶名，有的文章說新建一個mysql用戶組和一個mysql用戶，讀者可以嘗試
安裝后MySQL會有提示，參考本文附錄6.1
開啟MySQL服務：
- $CYN_USR/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
關閉MySQL服務：
- $CYN_USR/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p SHUTDOWN
2.2 安裝Apache Http服務器cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
cd httpd-2.2.21
./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/httpd
make
make install
開啟、關閉、重啟apache服務器：
- $CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl start
- $CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
- $CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl restart
2.3 安裝Rubycd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
cd ruby-1.8.7-p174
./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/ruby
make
make install
2.4 為MySQL、Apache、Ruby添加環境變量vim ~/.bashrc
在用戶目錄下的.bashrc文件中添加下面幾行內容：
- export MYSQL_HOME="$CYN_USR/mysql"
- export HTTPD_HOME="$CYN_USR/httpd"
- export RUBY_HOME="$CYN_USR/ruby"
- export PATH="$PATH:$RUBY_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/lib:$HTTPD_HOME/bin"
執行下面語句讓配置立即生效：
source ~/.bashrc
2.5 安裝Rubygemscd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
cd rubygems-1.6.2
ruby setup.rb
2.6 安裝zlib
這個包應該是和解壓.gem包有關
- cd $CYN_USR
- tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz
- cd zlib-1.2.5
- ./configure
- make
- make test
- make install
- cd $CYN_USR/ruby-1.8.7-p174/ext/zlib
- ruby extconf.rb
- make
- make install
2.7 安裝Rake、Rack和Rails
如果你要配置Redmine-1.2.2，請安裝rails-2.3.11，act*-2.3.11.gem會自動安裝，但要保證和rails-2.3.11.gem在同一個目錄下：
- cd $CYN_DOWNLOAD
- gem install --local rake-0.8.7.gem
- gem install --local rack-1.1.1.gem
- gem install --local rails-2.3.11.gem
如果你要配置Redmine-1.1.0，請安裝rails-2.3.5：
- cd $CYN_DOWNLOAD
- gem install --local rake-0.8.7.gem
- gem install --local rack-1.0.1.gem
- gem install --local activesupport-2.3.5.gem
- gem install --local activerecord-2.3.5.gem
- gem install --local actionpack-2.3.5.gem
- gem install --local actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
- gem install --local activeresource-2.3.5.gem
- gem install --local rails-2.3.5.gem
2.8 安裝i18ngem install --local i18n-0.4.2.gem
2.9 配置MySQL
新建一個名為redmine的數據庫，新建一個名為redmine的用戶，密碼是redminepwd，并賦予對名為redmine的數據庫的所有權限
- mysql -u root -p
- CREATE DATABASE redmine CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
- CREATE USER 'redmine'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'redminepwd';
- GRANT ALL ON redmine.* TO 'redmine'@'localhost';
2.10 安裝MySQL-Rubycd $CYN_USR
- tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-ruby-2.8.2.tar.gz
- cd mysql-ruby-2.8.2
- ruby extconf.rb --with-mysql-dir=$CYN_USR/mysql
- make
- ruby ./test.rb -- localhost redmine redminepwd redmine 3306
- make install
2.11 安裝Passenger
passenger可以讓apache服務器搭載ruby on rails網站
cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/passenger-3.0.11.tar.gz
cd passenger-3.0.11
./bin/passenger-install-apache2-module
安裝完成后會有類似附錄6.2的提示
2.12 安裝Redminecd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/redmine-1.2.2.tar.gz
2.13 配置Redmine
主要是配置數據庫
cd $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2
cp config/database.yml.example config/database.yml
vim config/database.yml
在config/database.yml文件中，修改production/development/test節的內容，填寫數據庫信息，下面是production節的示例
production:
adapter: mysql
database: redmine
host: localhost
username: redmine
password: redminepwd
encoding: utf8
執行下面三條語句，初始化數據庫，建立表結構，并且寫入相應數據
rake generate_session_store
RAILS_ENV=production rake db:migrate
RAILS_ENV=production rake redmine:load_default_data
2.14 配置Apache Server
在$CYN_USR/httpd/conf/httpd.conf文件中添加下面內容，注意把$CYN_USR換成你的絕對路徑
LoadModule passenger_module $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
PassengerRoot $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11
PassengerRuby $CYN_USR/ruby/bin/ruby
Listen 8085
<VirtualHost *:8085>
ServerName www.yourhost.com
DocumentRoot $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2/public
<Directory $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2/public>
AllowOverride all
Options -MultiViews
Options Indexes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
2.15 測試網站
在瀏覽器中訪問http://localhost:8085/
3. 可能遇到的問題
本部分內容有待添加，歡迎讀者留言與我討論
4. 引用
[1] http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/RedmineInstall
[2] http://www.cnblogs.com/wuchang/archive/2011/10/04/2199018.html
5. 更多信息
5.1 官方網站
[1] http://www.redmine.org/
[2] http://rubyonrails.org/
[3] http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/
[4] http://httpd.apache.org/
[5] http://www.mysql.com/
[6] http://rack.rubyforge.org/
[7] http://tmtm.org/en/mysql/ruby/
5.2 Wikis
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redmine
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)
6. 附錄
6.1 安裝MySQL的提示Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h your_host_name password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ;./bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ./mysql-test ;perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!
6.2 安裝Passenger的提示--------------------------------------------
The Apache 2 module was successfully installed.
Please edit your Apache configuration file, and add these lines:
LoadModule passenger_module $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
PassengerRoot $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11
PassengerRuby $CYN_USR/ruby/bin/ruby
After you restart Apache, you are ready to deploy any number of Ruby on Rails
applications on Apache, without any further Ruby on Rails-specific
configuration!
Press ENTER to continue.
--------------------------------------------
Deploying a Ruby on Rails application: an example
Suppose you have a Rails application in /somewhere. Add a virtual host to your
Apache configuration file and set its DocumentRoot to /somewhere/public:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www.yourhost.com
DocumentRoot /somewhere/public # <-- be sure to point to 'public'!
<Directory /somewhere/public>
AllowOverride all # <-- relax Apache security settings
Options -MultiViews # <-- MultiViews must be turned off
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
And that's it! You may also want to check the Users Guide for security and
optimization tips, troubleshooting and other useful information:
$CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/doc/Users guide Apache.html
Enjoy Phusion Passenger, a product of Phusion (www.phusion.nl) :-)
http://www.modrails.com/
Phusion Passenger is a trademark of Hongli Lai &Ninh Bui.
6.3 目錄$CYN_DOWNLOAD下的文件列表
actionmailer-2.3.11.gem
actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
actionpack-2.3.11.gem
actionpack-2.3.5.gem
activerecord-2.3.11.gem
activerecord-2.3.5.gem
activeresource-2.3.11.gem
activeresource-2.3.5.gem
activesupport-2.3.11.gem
activesupport-2.3.5.gem
httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
i18n-0.4.2.gem
mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
mysql-ruby-2.8.2.tar.gz
openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz
passenger-3.0.11.tar.gz
rack-1.0.1.gem
rack-1.1.1.gem
rails-2.3.11.gem
rails-2.3.5.gem
rake-0.8.7.gem
redmine-1.2.2.tar.gz
ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
rubygems-1.3.7.tgz
rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz
OK, 這就是Redmine部署的全部內容，恭喜你完成Redmine的部署，感謝你的閱讀！
原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyineng/archive/2011/12/22/2297533.html
【編輯推薦】
