各大主流.Net的IOC框架性能測試比較
我簡單介紹過Autofac的使用，有人希望能有個性能上的測試，考慮到有那么多的IOC框架，而主流的有：Castle Windsor、微軟企業庫中的Unity、Spring.NET、StructureMap、Ninject等等。本篇文章主要針對這些IOC框架編寫測試程序。
Autofac下載地址：http://code.google.com/p/autofac/
Castle Windsor下載地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/castleproject/files/Windsor/2.5/Castle.Windsor.2.5.3.zip/download
Unity下載地址：http://entlib.codeplex.com/
Spring.NET下載地址：http://www.springframework.net/
StructureMap下載地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/structuremap/files/
Ninject下載地址：http://ninject.org/download
其中，測試程序均采用***的類庫。
基礎工作
1、程序還是引用上一篇的示例作為測試背景。
2、編寫一個性能計數器，這里我采用老趙寫的一個CodeTimer的類，具體介紹見：http://www.cnblogs.com/JeffreyZhao/archive/2009/03/10/codetimer.html
使用方式類似于：
- int iteration = 100 * 1000;string s = "";
- CodeTimer.Time("String Concat", iteration, () => { s += "a"; });
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
- CodeTimer.Time("StringBuilder", iteration, () => { sb.Append("a"); });
3、編寫一個IRunner運行接口：
- public interface IRunner
- {
- void Start(RunType runType);
- }
以及RunnerBase抽象基礎運行類：
- public abstract class RunnerBase
- {
- private int _iteration = Convert.ToInt32(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["Iteration"] ?? "10000");
- internal int Iteration
- {
- get { return _iteration; }
- }
- internal void Time(Action action)
- {
- CodeTimer.Time(Name, Iteration, action);
- }
- protected abstract string Name { get; }
- }
這里_iteration表示測試運行次數，通過配置文件來設置值。Time方法通過計數器對action方法進行Iteration次迭代。
編寫一個RunManager的運行管理器：
- public class RunManager
- {
- public static void Start(IRunner runner)
- {
- Start(runner, RunType.Transient);
- }
- public static void Start(IRunner runner, RunType runType)
- {
- runner.Start(runType);
- }
- }
在測試中，我采用兩種方式的性能比較，一個是單例狀態，一個是非單例狀態：
- /// <summary>
- /// 運行狀態
- /// </summary>
- public enum RunType
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// 單例
- /// </summary>
- Singleton,
- /// <summary>
- /// 瞬時
- /// </summary>
- Transient
- }
好了，現在我的程序只要繼承RunnerBase以及IRunnre接口，就可以實現各個IOC框架的初始化裝配的工作了?；A工作已經做好。
#p#
各個IOC框架測試程序
1、Autofac：
- public class AutofacRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
- {
- protected override string Name
- {
- get { return "Autofac"; }
- }
- public void Start(RunType runType)
- {
- var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
- //if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
- // builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>().SingleInstance();
- //else
- // builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>();
- //builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
- ////builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac"));
- builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
- if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
- builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())).SingleInstance();
- else
- builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>()));
- var container = builder.Build();
- Time(() =>
- {
- var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
- manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
- });
- container.Dispose();
- }
- }
2、Castle Windsor：
- public class WindsorRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
- {
- protected override string Name
- {
- get { return "Castle Windsor"; }
- }
- public void Start(RunType runType)
- {
- var container = new WindsorContainer();
- if(runType == RunType.Singleton)
- container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Singleton);
- else
- container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Transient);
- container.Register(Component.For(typeof(IDatabase)).ImplementedBy(typeof(SqlDatabase)));
- Time(() =>
- {
- var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
- manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
- });
- }
- }
3、Unity：
- public class UnityRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
- {
- protected override string Name
- {
- get { return "Unity"; }
- }
- public void Start(RunType runType)
- {
- var container = new UnityContainer();
- if(runType == RunType.Singleton)
- container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
- else
- container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new TransientLifetimeManager());
- container.RegisterType<IDatabase, SqlDatabase>();
- Time(() =>
- {
- var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
- manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
- });
- }
- }
4、Spring.NET：
- public class SpringRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
- {
- protected override string Name
- {
- get { return "Spring.NET"; }
- }
- public void Start(RunType runType)
- {
- string databaseManagerName;
- if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
- databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Singleton";
- else
- databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Transient";
- Time(() =>
- {
- IApplicationContext context = ContextRegistry.GetContext();
- var manager = (DatabaseManager)context.GetObject(databaseManagerName);
- manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
- });
- }
- }
5、StructureMap：
- public class StructureMapRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
- {
- protected override string Name
- {
- get { return "StructureMap"; }
- }
- public void Start(RunType runType)
- {
- ObjectFactory.Initialize(container =>
- {
- if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
- container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>().Singleton();
- else
- container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>();
- container.ForRequestedType<IDatabase>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<SqlDatabase>();
- });
- Time(() =>
- {
- var manager = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<DatabaseManager>();
- manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
- });
- }
- }
6、Ninject：
- public class NinjectRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
- {
- protected override string Name
- {
- get { return "Ninject"; }
- }
- public void Start(RunType runType)
- {
- IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel(new MyNinjectModule(runType));
- Time(() =>
- {
- var manager = kernel.Get<DatabaseManager>();
- manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
- });
- }
- }
客戶端測試程序
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- CodeTimer.Initialize();
- Console.WriteLine("IOC - Singleton");
- // Autofac Singleton
- RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
- // Castle Windsor
- RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
- // Unity
- RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
- // Spring.NET
- RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
- // StructureMap
- RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
- // Ninject
- RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
- Console.WriteLine("===================================");
- Console.WriteLine("IOC - Transient");
- // Autofac Singleton
- RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Transient);
- // Castle Windsor
- RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Transient);
- // Unity
- RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Transient);
- // Spring.NET
- RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Transient);
- // StructureMap
- RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Transient);
- // Ninject
- RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Transient);
- Console.ReadKey();
- }
通過修改App.config的Iteration配置值，來設置迭代次數。
- <appSettings>
- <add key="Iteration" value="100000" />
- </appSettings>
運行結果
1、Iteration=1000：
分析：在千數量級時，Autofac，CastleWindsor、StructureMap基本差不多，效率上比其他的要高。
2、Iteration=10000：
分析：在萬數量級時，Autofac，CastleWindsor，StructureMap基本效率還是差不多，其中StructureMap效率稍稍有些下降;Spring.NET以及Ninject的性能比較低。
3、Iteration=100000：
分析：在十萬數量級時，CastleWindsor的效率開始下降，而在Transient方面，StructureMap和Autofac基本差不多。
4、Iteration=1000000：
分析：在百萬數量級時，Autofac和StructureMap兩者還是保持比較高的效率，并且在Transient方面，StructureMap已經超過了Autofac。
總結：從測試中，可以看出Autofac和StructureMap在性能上面還是體現出比較大的優勢，Ninject可以說性能上較低。而Spring.NET不僅僅專注于IOC方面，它還專注于其他方方面面的功能，所以在IOC方面的性能不是太高。另外，微軟的Unity中規中矩，性能較為穩定，也是一個不錯的選擇。另外，可能測試程序會有所偏差，希望大家也能夠指出問題!
測試程序源代碼：IOCPerformanceTest.rar
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/liping13599168/archive/2011/07/17/2108734.html
【編輯推薦】
