實例解析EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置
作者：佚名
EIGRP是增強網關內部路由線路協議。也翻譯為加強型內部網關路由協議。 EIGRP是Cisco公司的私有協議。EIGRP協議繼承了IGRP協議的最大的優點是矢量路由權。EIGRP協議在路由計算中要對網絡帶寬、網絡時延、信道占用率和信道可信度等因素作全面的綜合考慮，所以EIGRP的路由計算更為準確，更能反映網絡的實際情況，下面讓我們看一下EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置過程。
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置過程如下：
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置之拓撲圖
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置之接口連接
- Router1 S0/0 <----> Router2 S0/0
- Router2 S0/1 <----> Router3 S0/0
- Router1 S0/1 <----> Router4 S0/0
- Router3 S0/1 <----> Router4 S0/1
- VPCS V0/1 <----> Router1 E1/0
- VPCS V0/2 <----> Router3 E1/0
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置之原理
在R1\R2\R3\R4上均運行EIGRP路由協議。R4通過S0/1向R3通告一條0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0的匯總路由，并將這條浮動路由的管理距離設置為250，于是在網絡連通的情況下R3上到達200.1.1.0/24網段的路由經過R2，而在R2與R3鏈路故障的時候，通過R3前往200.1.1.0/24的數據包會通過R4（R3拓撲表中，默認路由由A變為P）
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置之關鍵配置
- R1:
- interface Serial0/0
- ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
- serial restart-delay 0
- !
- interface Serial0/1
- ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
- serial restart-delay 0
- !
- interface Ethernet1/0
- ip address 200.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
- half-duplex
- !
- router eigrp 100
- network 192.168.1.0
- network 192.168.3.0
- network 200.1.1.0
- no auto-summary
R2、R3略，參照R1進行接口IP和路由協議的配置，重點看下R4的配置
- R4:
- interface Serial0/0
- ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
- serial restart-delay 0
- !
- interface Serial0/1
- ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
- ip summary-address eigrp 100 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 250（向R3通過默認路由，管理距離高于EIGRP默認值）!
- router eigrp 100
- network 192.168.3.0
- network 192.168.4.0
- auto-summary
#p#
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置之查看結果
1.R2和R3之間鏈路正常時
a) R3的路由表：
- R3#sh ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
- i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
- ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
- o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is 192.168.4.1 to network 0.0.0.0
- D 200.1.1.0/24 [90/2707456] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0
- C 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
- C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
- D 192.168.1.0/24 [90/2681856] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0
- C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
- D 192.168.3.0/24 [90/3193856] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0
- D* 0.0.0.0/0 [90/2681856] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:00, Serial0/1
b)R3的拓撲表：
- R3#sh ip eigrp topology
- IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(200.1.2.254)
- Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
- r - reply Status, s - sia Status
- A 0.0.0.0/0, 1 successors, FD is Inaccessible
- 1 replies, active 00:00:00, query-origin: Successor Origin
- Remaining replies:
- via 192.168.2.1, r, Serial0/0
- P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2681856
- via 192.168.2.1 (2681856/2169856), Serial0/0
- P 192.168.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856
- via Connected, Serial0/0
- P 192.168.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 3193856
- via 192.168.2.1 (3193856/2681856), Serial0/0
- P 192.168.4.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856
- via Connected, Serial0/1
- P 200.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2707456
- via 192.168.2.1 (2707456/2195456), Serial0/0
- P 200.1.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 281600
- via Connected, Ethernet1/0
2.R2的S0/1設置為DOWN,觀察R3路由表和拓撲表
a)R3路由表：
- R3#sh ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
- i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
- ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
- o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is 192.168.4.1 to network 0.0.0.0
- C 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
- C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
- C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
- D* 0.0.0.0/0 [90/2681856] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:05, Serial0/1
b)R3的拓撲表：
- R3#sh ip eigrp topology
- IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(200.1.2.254)
- Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
- r - reply Status, s - sia Status
- P 0.0.0.0/0, 1 successors, FD is 2681856
- via 192.168.4.1 (2681856/2169856), Serial0/1
- P 192.168.4.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856
- via Connected, Serial0/1
- P 200.1.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 281600
- via Connected, Ethernet1/0
EIGRP浮動匯總路由配置說明，當R2和R3鏈路正常是，通過R3去往PC1的數據包不通過R4，只有當R2、R3間鏈路出現故障，默認路由才啟用。
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